{"text_format":"2","workbook":"xls","n_sheets":12,"sheets":["Instructions","Capacity","Brine Recovery","Survey Form","Elution Study","Interpretive Curves","Troubleshooting","Backwash","NaCl Properties","Resin Analysis","Regenerant Water","References"],"not_rendered":{"charts":10,"images":0,"macros":0,"external_links":1,"defined_names":0,"comments":16,"pivot_tables":0},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"run_cost":"one","rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900","formulas":"cached_only"}

{"sheet":"Instructions","index":0,"n_rows":1,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":1,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,0,0,12]],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Sodium Zeolite Water Softener Calculation Instructions"]

{"sheet":"Capacity","index":1,"n_rows":10,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":10,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,0,0,2],[1,0,1,2]],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Sodium Zeolite Water Softener"]
["Capacity Calculation"]
[]
["Total Hardness",300,"ppm as CaCO3"]
["Iron",0,"ppm as Fe"]
["Cubic Feet of Resin",40,"ft3"]
["Exchange Capacity",27000,"gr/ft3"]
["Expected % Capacity",0.9,"%"]
[]
["Softening Capacity",55404.000000000015,"gallons"]

{"sheet":"Brine Recovery","index":2,"n_rows":29,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":29,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,0,0,2],[12,0,12,2],[2,0,2,3]],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Brine Recovery"]
{"$rows_empty":11}
["Salt Savings Calculation"]
["Salt Dosage",10,"lb/ft3"]
["Volume of Water Softened",5250000,"gal/yr"]
["Total Hardness",300,"ppm as CaCO3"]
["Iron",0,"ppm as Fe"]
["Cubic Feet of Resin",40,"ft3"]
["Cost of Salt",0.9,"cost/lb"]
["Exchange Capacity",27000,"gr/ft3"]
["Expected % Capacity",0.9,"%"]
["Assumed Salt Usage Reduction",0.2,"%"]
[]
["Softening Capacity",55404.000000000015,"gallons"]
["Regenerations per year",94.7585011912497,"regenerations/yr"]
["Annual Salt Usage",37903.40047649988,"lbs/yr"]
["New Salt Usage",30322.720381199906,"lbs/yr"]
["Salt Savings",7580.6800952999765,"lbs/yr"]
["Money Saved on Salt",6822.612085769979,"$"]

{"sheet":"Survey Form","index":3,"n_rows":36,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":36,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Softener Survey Form"]
[]
[null,"Parameter","Manufacturer\nSpecifications","Resin\nSpecifications","Actual\nData"]
[1,"Resin Designation (Name)"]
[2,"Quantity of resin in unit (ft3)"]
[3,"Unit Diameter (ft)"]
[4,"Unit surface area (ft2)"]
[5,"Resin bed depth (ft)"]
[6,"Unit freeboard (ft)"]
[7,"Throughput (gallons)"]
[8,"Pressure drop across unit (psi)"]
[9,"Service flow rate (gpm)"]
[10,"Service flow rate (gpm/ft2)"]
[11,"Backwash water temp (F)"]
[12,"Backwash flow rate (gpm)"]
[13,"Backwash flow rate (gpm/ft2)"]
[14,"Backwash time (min)"]
[15,"Quantity of salt used (lbs)"]
[16,"Quantity of salt used (lb/ft3)"]
[17,"Expected leakage (mg/L)"]
[18,"Concentrated brine solution strength (%)"]
[19,"Dilute brine solution strength (%)"]
[20,"Dilute brine flow rate (gpm)"]
[21,"Dilute brine flow rate (gpm/ft3)"]
[22,"Dilute brine flow time (min)"]
[23,"Dilute brine contact time (min)"]
[24,"Slow rinse flow rate (gpm)"]
[25,"Slow rinse flow rate (gpm/ft3)"]
[26,"Slow rinse time (min)"]
[27,"Slow rinse volume (gal/ft3)"]
[28,"Fast rinse flow (gpm)"]
[29,"Fast rinse flow (gpm/ft3)"]
[30,"Fast rinse time (min)"]
[31,"Fast rinse volume (gal/ft3)"]
[32,"Total rinse volume (gal)"]
[33,"Total rinse required (gal/ft3)"]

{"sheet":"Elution Study","index":4,"n_rows":30,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":30,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,0,0,1]],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Elution Study"]
[]
["Time","Salometer \nDegrees (%)"]
[3,0]
[6,2,null,null,0,30]
[9,6,null,null,81,30]
[12,12]
[15,19]
[18,25]
[21,30]
[24,33]
[27,35]
[30,35]
[33,35]
[36,35]
[39,35]
[42,35]
[45,35]
[48,35]
[51,33]
[54,28]
[57,18]
[60,11]
[63,5]
[66,3,"Notes:"]
[69,0,"\"Enough, for long enough.\"  --  Allan Bassett, 2001"]
[72,0,"30 salometer degress for 30 minutes"]
[75,0,"Sample every 2 to 3 minutes"]
[78,0]
[81,0]

{"sheet":"Interpretive Curves","index":5,"n_rows":169,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":169,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Elution Study Interpretive Curves"]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Time","Salom."]
[null,0,0]
[null,5,0]
[null,10,2]
[null,15,11]
[null,20,29]
[null,25,32]
[null,30,32]
[null,35,32]
[null,40,32]
[null,45,32]
[null,50,30]
[null,55,20]
[null,60,0]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Time","Salom."]
[null,0,0]
[null,5,0]
[null,10,0]
[null,15,0]
[null,20,10]
[null,25,20]
[null,30,30]
[null,35,40]
[null,40,48]
[null,45,54]
[null,50,59]
[null,55,63]
[null,60,61]
[null,65,5]
[null,70,0]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Time","Salom."]
[null,0,0]
[null,5,8]
[null,10,15]
[null,15,22]
[null,20,29]
[null,25,35]
[null,30,40]
[null,35,43]
[null,40,45]
[null,45,45]
[null,50,44]
[null,55,42]
[null,60,35]
[null,65,20]
[null,70,0]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Time","Salom."]
[null,0,0]
[null,5,1]
[null,10,4]
[null,15,33]
[null,20,46]
[null,25,48]
[null,30,40]
[null,35,22]
[null,40,7]
[null,45,0]
[null,50,0]
[null,55,0]
[null,60,0]
[null,65,0]
[null,70,0]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Time","Salom."]
[null,0,0]
[null,5,12]
[null,10,33]
[null,15,36]
[null,20,32]
[null,25,2]
[null,30,0]
[null,35,0]
[null,40,0]
[null,45,0]
[null,50,0]
[null,55,0]
[null,60,0]
[null,65,0]
[null,70,0]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Time","Salom."]
[null,0,0]
[null,5,1]
[null,10,3]
[null,15,16]
[null,20,18]
[null,25,18]
[null,30,18]
[null,35,18]
[null,40,18]
[null,45,18]
[null,50,18]
[null,55,17]
[null,60,10]
[null,65,1]
[null,70,0]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Time","Salom."]
[null,0,0]
[null,5,1]
[null,10,2]
[null,15,3]
[null,20,4]
[null,25,6]
[null,30,13]
[null,35,17]
[null,40,19]
[null,45,18]
[null,50,13]
[null,55,2]
[null,60,0]
[null,65,0]
[null,70,0]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Time","Salom."]
[null,0,0]
[null,5,1]
[null,10,3]
[null,15,11]
[null,20,29]
[null,25,31]
[null,30,31]
[null,35,31]
[null,40,30]
[null,45,25]
[null,47,0]
[null,55]
[null,60]
[null,65]
[null,70]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Time","A Salom.","B Salom."]
[null,0,0,0]
[null,5,10,10]
[null,10,30,28]
[null,15,63,45]
[null,20,71,51]
[null,25,73,53]
[null,30,71,51]
[null,35,63,45]
[null,40,30,28]
[null,45,10,10]
[null,50,0,0]

{"sheet":"Troubleshooting","index":6,"n_rows":27,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":27,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[5,3,6,3]],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Troubleshooting"]
[]
["Problem","Possible Causes","Check","Action to Correct"]
["Short Runs"]
["Continual short runs.","Change in raw water hardness.","Influent hardness.  (You should have a good history of this parameter.)","Consider softer water source or higher regeneration level."]
[null,"Poor regenerations.","Check regeneration timer setup and flowrates.","Readjust flows and/or brine strengths based on review and elution study. Be sure backwash flow rate is adequate to expand the bed.  Don't forget to inspect and monitor brine system during elution study."]
[null,null,"Elution study."]
[null,"Channeling due to bed fouling or distributor problem.","Influent turbidity history.","Improve performance of equipment ahead of the softener."]
[null,null,"Bed inspection reveals precipitation of solids.","Check Backwash.  Replace/repair distributor or strainers."]
[null,"Resin fouling.","Resin analysis.","Reduce source of foulant.  Apply appropriate cleaning procedures."]
[null,"Loss of resin.","Excessive backwash flow rate.","Adjust flow rate."]
[null,null,"Collector strainer problems.","Fix strainers."]
[null,null,"Check for resin in subfill.","Repair distributor element.  Replace subfill contaminated with resin."]
[null,null,"Chlorine degradation of resin.","Consider dechlorinating the source water."]
["High Hardness in Product Water"]
[null,"Raw water bypassing unit.","Test water before and after valve.","Repair or replace valve."]
[null,"Resin fouling.","Measure Ca/Mg ratio before and after unit.  (Note: the hardness levels in the product water may be too low for this test to be viable.)","Different ratio before and after may indicate resin foulant.  Check pretreatment."]
[null,"Deteriorating regeneration practices.","Elution study.","Revise procedure.  (Don't forget to inspect and monitor brine system while conducting elution study.)"]
[null,"Increased hardness in source water.","Influent hardness.  (You should have a good history of this parameter.)","Consider softer water source or higher regeneration level."]
[null,"Previous complete hardness breakthrough.","Check history.","Perform a double regeneration."]
["High Pressure Drop"]
[null,"Bed Fouling.","Look for channeling or solids on bed surface.","Adjust current backwash flow rate for current water temperature."]
[null,"Poor backwash.","Backwash flow rate.","Adjust current backwash flow rate for current water temperature."]
[null,"Plugged under drain strainers.","Inspect strainers.","Repair and/or clean.  Could affect softener flowrate too."]
[null,"Deteriorating resin.","Look at moisture content of beads, look for resin fines.","Possible resin replacement."]
[null,"Valve blockage.","Review history of pressure drop.","Check and replace/repair valve."]
[null,"Gauge(s) wrong. ","Interchange gauges with another unit.","Replace if necessary."]

{"sheet":"Backwash","index":7,"n_rows":26,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":26,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[5,0,6,0],[5,1,6,1],[5,2,5,7],[2,0,2,7],[3,0,3,7]],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Backwash vs. Temperature"]
[]
["A proper backwash is necessary to ensure efficient softener operation.  Backwashing loosens the bed, cleans and classifies the resin, minimizes pressure drop, and maintains an even water flow across the cross sectional area of the resin bed.\n\nBackwash flow rates must be sufficient to expand the resin bed by 50% and typically last around 10 minutes or more.  It is very important to take into account season backwash water temperature variations to ensure an effective backwash."]
["The temperature-corrected backwash flowrates in the table below are typical, but manufacturer resin specifications should always be consulted for actual design numbers."]
[]
["Vessel Diameter (feet)","Cross Sectional Area (sq ft)","Backwash Flowrates (gpm)"]
[null,null,"40° F","50° F","60° F","70° F","80° F","90° F"]
[2,3.14,14,16,18,20,22,23]
[2.5,4.90625,22,24,28,30,34,36]
[3,7.065,32,36,40,44,48,52]
[3.5,9.61625,44,48,56,60,66,72]
[4,12.56,58,64,72,78,86,94]
[4.5,15.89625,72,80,92,100,108,118]
[5,19.625,88,98,112,122,134,146]
[5.5,23.74625,108,120,136,148,162,176]
[6,28.26,128,142,162,176,192,210]
[6.5,33.16625,150,166,190,206,226,246]
[7,38.465,174,194,220,240,262,286]
[7.5,44.15625,200,222,252,274,300,328]
[8,50.24,226,252,288,312,342,372]
[8.5,56.71625,256,284,324,352,386,420]
[9,63.585,288,318,364,396,434,470]
[9.5,70.84625,320,356,404,440,482,524]
[10,78.5,354,394,448,488,534,582]
[10.5,86.54625,390,434,494,538,590,640]
[11,94.985,428,476,542,590,646,704]

{"sheet":"NaCl Properties","index":8,"n_rows":62,"n_cols":9,"rows_kept":62,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[61,0,61,8],[2,0,2,8]],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Sodium Chloride Brine Characteristics Table"]
[]
["The brine table below applies to brine tested at 60°F and using a 60°F Salometer.  For reading brine tested at other temperatures, the observed Salometer (60°F) must be converted before using in the table.  For practical purposes, add one degree salometer for each ten degrees above 60°F and deduct one degree salometer for each ten degrees below 60°F."]
[]
["Salometer Degrees","Specific Gravity","Baumè Degrees","% Sodium Chloride by Weight","Lbs. NaCl \nper \ngal. Brine ","Lbs Water\nper\ngal. Brine","Gal. Water\nper\ngal. brine","Lbs. Salt \nper\n gal. water","Freeze Point °F"]
[0,1,0,0,0,8.328,1,0,32]
[2,1.004,0.6,0.528,0.044,8.318,0.999,0.044,31.5]
[4,1.007,1.1,1.056,0.089,8.297,0.996,0.089,31.1]
[6,1.011,1.6,1.584,0.133,8.287,0.995,0.134,30.5]
[8,1.015,2.1,2.112,0.178,8.275,0.993,0.179,30]
[10,1.091,2.7,2.64,0.224,8.262,0.992,0.226,29.3]
[12,1.023,3.3,3.167,0.27,8.25,0.99,0.273,28.8]
[14,1.026,3.7,3.695,0.316,8.229,0.988,0.32,28.2]
[16,1.03,4.2,4.223,0.362,8.216,0.987,0.367,27.6]
[18,1.034,4.8,4.751,0.409,8.202,0.985,0.415,27]
[20,1.038,5.3,5.279,0.456,8.188,0.983,0.464,26.2]
[22,1.042,5.8,5.807,0.503,8.175,0.982,0.512,25.7]
[24,1.046,6.4,6.335,0.552,8.159,0.98,0.563,25.3]
[26,1.05,6.9,6.863,0.6,8.144,0.978,0.614,24.4]
[28,1.054,7.4,7.391,0.649,8.129,0.976,0.665,23.7]
[30,1.058,7.9,7.919,0.698,8.113,0.974,0.716,23]
[32,1.062,8.5,8.446,0.747,8.097,0.972,0.768,22.3]
[34,1.066,9,8.974,0.797,8.081,0.97,0.821,21.6]
[36,1.07,9.5,9.502,0.847,8.064,0.968,0.875,20.9]
[38,1.074,10,10.03,0.897,8.047,0.966,0.928,20.2]
[40,1.078,10.5,10.558,0.948,8.03,0.964,0.983,19.2]
[42,1.082,11,11.086,0.999,8.012,0.962,1.039,18.7]
[44,1.086,11.5,11.614,1.05,7.994,0.96,1.094,17.9]
[46,1.09,12,12.142,1.102,7.976,0.958,1.151,17.1]
[48,1.094,12.5,12.67,1.154,7.957,0.955,1.208,16.2]
[50,1.098,12.9,13.198,1.207,7.937,0.953,1.266,15.4]
[52,1.102,13.4,13.725,1.26,7.918,0.951,1.325,14.5]
[54,1.106,13.9,14.253,1.313,7.898,0.948,1.385,13.7]
[56,1.11,14.4,14.781,1.366,7.878,0.946,1.444,12.8]
[58,1.114,14.8,15.309,1.42,7.858,0.943,1.505,11.8]
[60,1.118,15.3,15.837,1.475,7.836,0.941,1.568,10.9]
[62,1.122,15.8,16.365,1.529,7.815,0.938,1.629,9.9]
[64,1.126,16.2,16.893,1.584,7.794,0.935,1.692,8.9]
[66,1.13,16.7,17.421,1.639,7.772,0.933,1.756,7.9]
[68,1.135,17.2,17.949,1.697,7.755,0.931,1.822,6.8]
[70,1.139,17.7,18.477,1.753,7.733,0.929,1.888,5.2]
[72,1.143,18.1,19.004,1.809,7.71,0.926,1.954,4.6]
[74,1.147,18.6,19.532,1.866,7.686,0.923,2.022,3.4]
[76,1.152,19.1,20.06,1.925,7.669,0.921,2.091,2.2]
[78,1.156,19.6,20.588,1.982,7.645,0.918,2.159,1]
[80,1.16,20,21.116,2.04,7.62,0.915,2.229,"–.4"]
[82,1.164,20.4,21.644,2.098,7.596,0.912,2.3,"–1.6"]
[84,1.169,21,22.172,2.158,7.577,0.91,2.372,"–3.0"]
[86,1.173,21.4,22.7,2.218,7.551,0.907,2.446,"–4.4"]
[88,1.178,21.9,23.228,2.279,7.531,0.904,2.52,"–5.8"]
[88.3,1.179,22,23.31,2.288,7.528,0.904,2.531,"–6.0"]
[90,1.182,22.3,23.755,2.338,7.506,0.901,2.594,"–1.1"]
[92,1.186,22.7,24.283,2.398,7.479,0.898,2.67,4.8]
[94,1.191,23.3,24.811,2.459,7.46,0.896,2.745,11.1]
[95,1.193,23.5,25.075,2.491,7.444,0.894,2.787,14.4]
[96,1.195,23.7,25.339,2.522,7.43,0.892,2.827,18.3]
[97,1.197,23.9,25.603,2.552,7.417,0.891,2.865,21.6]
[98,1.2,24.2,25.867,2.595,7.409,0.89,2.906,25.5]
[99,1.202,24.4,26.131,2.616,7.394,0.888,2.947,29.8]
[100,1.204,24.6,26.395,2.647,7.38,0.886,2.987]
[]
["Eutectic Point - is that solution of sodium chloride with the lowest freezing point (–6°F).  Brines stronger than 88.3° Salometer deposit excess sodium chloride as dihydrate when cooled to freezing point temperatures listed and freeze at the eutectic point."]

{"sheet":"Resin Analysis","index":9,"n_rows":8,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":8,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Resin Analysis "]
[]
["Typical Strong Acid Cation Analysis Parameters"]
[]
["Total Capacity (meq/mL):  ","1.9-2 for new resin"]
["Water Retention (%):  ","45-48% (chlorine degradation will increase this number)"]
["Foulant - Iron as Fe (g/cu ft):  ",">9 is high"]
["Percent Broken Beads:  ",">25% (macro) and >20% (gel) indicates need for replacement "]

{"sheet":"Regenerant Water","index":10,"n_rows":27,"n_cols":17,"rows_kept":27,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Regenerant Wastewater Characteristics"]
[]
["Influent Water Characteristics"]
[null,"Calcium Hardness",133,"ppm as CaCO3"]
[null,"Magnesium Hardness",66,"ppm as CaCO3"]
[null,"Salt Dosage",10,"lb/ft3"]
[null,"Exchange Capacity",27000,"gr/ft3"]
[null,"Cubic Feet of Resin",100,"ft3"]
[null,"Regenerant Water Rate",60,"gal/ft3"]
[null,"Expected % Capacity",0.9]
[]
["Regeneration Water Characteristics"]
[null,"Calcium Hardness",4628.600502512563,"ppm as CaCO3",{"$nulls":5},"Softener Capacity",2700000,"gr"]
[null,"Magnesium Hardness",2296.8994974874377,"ppm as CaCO3",{"$nulls":5},"Total Hardness in Regen Water",405,"gr/gallon"]
[null,"Chlorides",12132.50517598344,"ppm as Cl-",{"$nulls":5},"Total Hardness in Regen Water",6925.500000000001,"ppm as CaCO3"]
[null,"Sodium",10797.468991585465,"ppm as Na",{"$nulls":5},"Total Calcium in Regen Water",4628.600502512563,"ppm as CaCO3",null,4628.600502512563]
[{"$nulls":9},"Total Magnesium in Regen Water",2296.8994974874377,"ppm as CaCO3",null,2296.8994974874377]
["Regeneration Water Volume"]
[null,"Volume",6000,"gallons",{"$nulls":5},"lb salt used",1000,"lb NaCl"]
[{"$nulls":9},"lb Cl in regen water",606.625258799172,"lb Cl",null,"Na",22.99,"g/mol",0.39337474120082816]
[{"$nulls":9},"Cl in regen water",12132.50517598344,"ppm Cl",12132.50517598344,"Cl",35.453,"g/mol",0.606625258799172]
[{"$nulls":9},"lb Na in regen water",393.37474120082817,"lb Na",null,"NaCl",58.443]
[{"$nulls":9},"ppm Na possible in regen water",7867.494824016563,"ppm Na"]
[{"$nulls":9},"ppm Na possible in regen water",17151.13871635611,"ppm Na as CaCO3"]
[{"$nulls":9},"Na left on resin beads",13851.000000000002,"ppm Na as CaCO3"]
[{"$nulls":9},"Na left on resin beads",6353.6697247706425,"ppm Na"]
[{"$nulls":9},"Na left in regen water",10797.468991585465,"ppm Na",10797.468991585465]

{"sheet":"References","index":11,"n_rows":19,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":19,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["References"]
[]
["How to Survey a Sodium Zeolite Water Softener, Allan Bassett, The Analyst, Winter 2001"]
["Procedures of Industrial Water Treatment, Jim Tanis, Ltan, 1st Edition, 1987"]
["AWT Technical Reference & Training Manual, Association of Water Technologies, Inc., Copyright 2001"]
["Betz Handbook of Industrial Water Treatment, Betz Laboratories, Inc., Copyright 1991, ninth edition"]
["Crown Solutions Ion Exchange Manual, Crown Solutions Co, LLC, Copyright 1996"]
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["Contributors"]
[]
["Allan Bassett, CWT, Bassett Air Quality, Inc."]
["Chris Golden, CWT, Taylor Technologies, Inc."]
["Casey Walton, CWT, Walton Technologies, LLC"]
["Les Davis, CWT, All Phase Consulting, LLC"]
["James McDonald, CWT, Crown EG"]
["Taylor Pair, Crown EG"]